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11.
Geochemical aspects of molybdenum and precious metals distribution in the Sar Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit, Iran 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Constraints on hypogene distribution of Mo and precious metals (Au and Ag) in the Sar Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit indicated that much of the metals tend to be concentrated within the Cu-rich potassic core as well as with strongly phyllic alteration. The gradual increase in metal concentrations from weak potassic alteration to strong potassic and phyllic alteration zones is observed that could be related to cumulative effects of the early to the late stages of alteration and mineralization which is increased vein density and metal deposition. Comparison between inter-element relationships in hypogene ore types indicated that precious metals and Cu positively correlate over a wide range of values, indicating a spatial and temporal association of precious metals with Cu sulfides. In contrast, the sympathetic relationship of Mo with Cu and precious metals is only present in low-grade ores which are deposited in weak potassic alteration zone. This suggests contemporaneous deposition of minor Mo with Cu and precious metals during the early stage of mineralization. In the transitional stages of mineralization, significant portion of Mo deposition occurred independent of Cu and precious metals which is supported by negative correlation between Mo and Cu (also with precious metals) in silicified ores. In the late stage of mineralization, where the highest values of the metals had occurred with sericitization, differences in the distribution of the metals and inter-element relationships are significant that could be attributed to the heterogeneous distribution of Mo, Cu, and precious metals during the evolution of the porphyry system. The hypogene metal arrangement indicated that ores with the highest values of Cu and precious metals are not essentially enriched in Mo. 相似文献
12.
Amir Esna-Ashari Massimo TiepoloMohammad-Vali Valizadeh Jamshid HassanzadehAli-Asghar Sepahi 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2012,43(1):11-22
The Aligoodarz granitoid complex (AGC) is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SSZ), western Iran and consists of quartz-diorites, granodiorites and subordinate granites. Whole rock major and trace element data mostly define linear trends on Harker diagrams suggesting a cogenetic origin of the different rock types. (87Sr/86Sr)i and εNdt ratios are in the ranges 0.7074-0.7110 and −3.56 to −5.50, respectively. The trace elements and Sr-Nd isotopic composition suggest that the granitoids from the AGC are similar to crustal derived I-type granitoids of continental arcs. The whole rock suite was produced by assimilation and fractional crystallization starting from a melt with intermediate composition likely possessing a mantle component. In situ zircon U-Pb data on the granites with LA-ICP-MS yield a crystallization age of ∼165 Ma. Inherited grains spanning in age from ∼180 Ma up to 2027 Ma were also found and confirm that assimilation of country rock has occurred.Chemical and chronological data on the AGC were compared with those available for other granitoid complexes of the central SSZ (e.g., Dehno, Boroujerd and Alvand). The comparison reveals that in spite of the different origins that have been proposed, all these granitoid complexes are likely genetically related. They share many chemical features and are derived from crustal melts with minor differences. Alvand granites have the most peculiar compositions most likely related to the presence of abundant pelitic component. All these intrusions are coeval and reveal the presence of an extensive magmatic activity in the central sector of the SSZ during middle Jurassic. 相似文献
13.
Amin?AbdiEmail author Yousef?Hassanzadeh Siamak?Talatahari Ahmad?Fakheri-Fard Rasoul?Mirabbasi 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2017,31(5):1199-1210
The regional bivariate modeling of drought characteristics using the copulas provides valuable information for water resources management and drought risk assessment. The regional frequency analysis (RFA) can specify the similar sites within a region using L-comoments approach. One of the important steps in the RFA is estimating regional parameters of the copula function. In the present study, an optimization-based method along with the adjusted charged system search are introduced and applied to estimate the regional parameters of the copula models. The capability of the proposed methodology is illustrated by copula functions on drought events. Three commonly used copulas containing Clayton, Frank and Gumbel are employed to derive the joint distribution of drought severity and duration. The result of the new method are compared to the method of moments and after applying several goodness-of-fit tests, the results indicate that the new method provides higher accuracy than the classic one. Furthermore, the results of the upper tail dependence coefficient indicate that the Gumbel copula is the best-fitted copula among the other ones for modeling drought characteristics. 相似文献
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Ashraf Samaneh AghaKouchak Amir Nazemi Ali Mirchi Ali Sadegh Mojtaba Moftakhari Hamed R. Hassanzadeh Elmira Miao Chi-Yuan Madani Kaveh Mousavi Baygi Mohammad Anjileli Hassan Arab Davood Reza Norouzi Hamid Mazdiyasni Omid Azarderakhsh Marzi Alborzi Aneseh Tourian Mohammad J. Mehran Ali Farahmand Alireza Mallakpour Iman 《Climatic change》2019,152(3-4):379-391
Climatic Change - By combining long-term ground-based data on water withdrawal with climate model projections, this study quantifies the compounding effects of human activities and climate change... 相似文献
16.
Farhad Nadim Amvrossios C. Bagtzoglou Jamshid Iranmahboob 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2008,51(7):556-565
Persian Gulf is a semi-enclosed sea located in the Middle East and is connected to oceans through the narrow 55-km Strait of Hormuz. The Persian Gulf holds an estimated 57–66% of the world's known reserves of oil. The occurrence of three major battles in the Gulf region during the past three decades has created an atmosphere of commotion and uncertainty. Because of its marine geology, geographical location, and geopolitical sensitivity, coastal management in the Gulf region cannot be considered independently of its vast oil and natural gas reserves and environmentally related matters. The Regional Organization for Protection of Marine Environment (ROPME) forum was established in Kuwait in 1979 and quickly ratified by seven new member states (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates). Rapid growth of ROPME and shared coastal and marine environmental issues among littoral States have resulted in numerous successful plans laying the basis for future coastal management and development in the Persian Gulf region.Different plans were investigated to reach sustainable coastal management and environmental pollution prevention programmes in the Persian Gulf region and it was concluded that such plans could only be implemented when littoral states prioritize the management schemes in the Persian Gulf region and incorporate them into their own national legislation.Similar to many Regional Sea Programmes, ROPME has faced many drawbacks since its inception. Military conflicts, poor enforcement of protocols, lack of adequate coordination, disharmony among littoral states and lack of sufficient funding have put many coastal management programmes on hold.Demilitarization, enforcement of ROPME resolutions, and implementation of long-term economical growth planning are all part of an integrated coastal management programme that can bring about significant changes in the Persian Gulf area. Despite all existing differences and difficulties, many important tasks have been accomplished in the past two decades. Coastal management issues have been analyzed and well documented by ROPME. With the existing situation in the Gulf region, ROPME can effectively coordinate and implement the following tasks: monitor water quality and coastal habitat, develop and implement a comprehensive pollution prevention scheme, educate the public in terms of coastal preservation, train technical staff, put in place an effective pollution prevention and waste management programme, and establish the basis for an integrated regional coastal zone management plan. 相似文献
17.
A new neural‐network‐based methodology for generating artificial earthquake spectrum compatible accelerograms from response spectra was proposed in 1997, in which, the learning capabilities of neural networks were used to develop the knowledge of the inverse mapping from the response spectra to earthquake accelerograms. Recently, this methodology has been further extended and enhanced. This paper presents a new stochastic neural network that is capable of generating multiple earthquake accelerograms from a single‐response spectrum. A new stochastic feature to the neural network has been combined with a new scheme for data compression using the replicator neural networks developed in the original method. A benefit of this extended methodology is gaining efficiency in compressing the earthquake accelerograms and extracting their characteristics. The proposed method produces a stochastic ensemble of earthquake accelerograms from any response spectra or design spectra. An example is presented that used 100 recorded accelerograms to train the neural network and several design spectra and response spectra to test this improved methodology. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
Developing a robust SHM method for offshore jacket platform using model updating and fuzzy logic system 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A. Mojtahedi M.A. Lotfollahi Yaghin Y. Hassanzadeh M.M. Ettefagh M.H. Aminfar A.B. Aghdam 《Applied Ocean Research》2011,33(4):398-411
Structural monitoring is essential for ensuring the structural safety performance during the service life. The process is of paramount importance in case of the offshore jacket-type platforms due to the underwater structural parts subjected to the marine environmental conditions. This work is an experimental investigation on a laboratory model of a jacket platform with the objective of establishing a baseline finite element (FE) model for long-term structural health monitoring for this type of structures. A robust damage diagnosis system is also developed which is less sensitive to both the measurements and the modeling uncertainties. Experimental vibration tests are conducted on a physical platform model to obtain dynamic characteristics and then, the initial FE-model of the intact structure is developed to determine them numerically. Some differences between numerically and experimentally identified characteristics emerge due to various uncertainties in the FE-model and measured vibration data. To minimize these differences, initial FE-model is updated according to the experimental results. The updated FE-model is employed to predict the changes in the dynamic characteristics under variety of damage scenarios which are imposed by reducing the stiffness at the components of the model. Fuzzy logic system (FLS) and probabilistic analysis is developed for linguistic classification of damage and global damage diagnosis. Incorporation of the FLS fault isolation technique into FE-model updating method are proposed and evaluated for two different FLS methods to develop a vigorous damage diagnosis method. The efficiency of the technique is validated by different damage scenarios foreseen on the physical model. This technique is shown to be effective for diagnosing the presence of degradation and quantify it. 相似文献
19.
Most deposited sands exhibit anisotropic behaviour. A plasticity model has been proposed with the capacity for simulating such anisotropic behaviour. The proposed model contains a number of coefficients of anisotropy. Methodology for determination of the coefficients of anisotropy has been discussed. Using experimental data, the coefficients of anisotropy have been determined for a number of well-known sands. Stress-dilatancy has been modelled by using the ‘normalized work’ and it has been shown that the normalized work is independent of inherent anisotropy. Finally, some reasonably close comparisons between experimental results and model simulations have been reported. 相似文献
20.
The southeastern part of the central Iranian Cenozoic magmatic belt contains many areas with copper mineralization. In an analysis of this region, we used the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) images to map the distribution of hydrothermally altered rocks, based on their mineral assemblages. The spectral measurements, based on the field samples and satellite‐image‐derived spectra, show dominantly Al–OH (sericite and clays) and Fe–O absorption features in the visible–near infrared to shortwave infrared regions of the spectrum. Silica–bearing rocks, as well as silicic alteration, show an intense Si–O vibrational feature in the thermal infrared wavelength region. We analyzed ASTER/ETM+ images, performed a directed principal component analysis, and used spectral angle mapper to map areas of hydrothermal alteration and iron oxide/hydroxide minerals. The individual principal component images compiled by directed principal component analysis reveal the distribution of individual alteration minerals such as sericite, kaolinite, chlorite, epidote, and quartz. The best results, in terms of mapping the distribution of alteration, were obtained using the spectral angle mapper method. The altered areas were then sampled and the samples subjected to X–ray diffraction analysis, spectral analysis, and thin sections were observed under a microscope. Field observations reveal that more than 98% of the known copper mineralization occurs within the interpreted alteration areas. The present results indicate the great potential of ASTER and ETM+ data for mapping the distribution of alteration and exploring for copper mineralization in areas with a similar climate and geological setting to those of the present study. 相似文献